A heart defect or cardiac vitium is a general term for disorders of the composition and structure of the heart. A distinction is made between heart defects that are acquired (e.g. due to infections or heart diseases) and congenital heart defects. Congenital heart defects are usually cardiac malformations that can be detected and treated in the womb or in the newborn. Nevertheless, heart defects can usually be treated for a lifetime. What is a heart defect? According to abbreviationfinder.org, the word heart defect is the generic term for both congenital malformations of the heart and for congenital or acquired heart valve defects. Furthermore, congenital heart defects are divided into acynotic and cyanotic heart defects. Cyanosis is the bluish-red discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes as a result of a decrease…

If the fornix ruptures, there is a tear in the pelvis of the kidney. The term is derived from the Latin word for "breakthrough". The damage typical for the disease occurs in the renal pelvis in the section that leads to the parenchyma. The tear is therefore close to the parenchymal tissue. As a result of the fornix rupture, urine from the kidney's pelvis passes into the surrounding tissue. The cause of the disease is found in numerous cases in an acutely increased pressure that acts on the calyx system of the renal pelvis. What is a fornix rupture? According to WHOLEVEHICLES.COM, the fornix rupture is damage to the renal pelvis in a special section in which the parenchyma adjoins. The crack in the pelvis of the kidney forms due…

The jugular foramen syndrome is also known as Vernet syndrome and corresponds to a failure of the three cranial nerves IX, X and XI, which manifests itself in symptoms of dysphonia and dysphagia. Usually the cause is a tumor in the middle area of the jugular forman. The treatment is carried out by means of excision, since radiation therapy in this area has proven to be particularly harmful. What is Jugular Foramen Syndrome? According to WHICHEVERHEALTH.COM, the jugular foramen is also known as the throttle hole and corresponds to a large opening in the area of the skull base through which the nerve pathways descend to the neck area. The anatomical structure is located behind the exit of the internal carotid artery. The anterior border of the area is formed…

The parietal foramen is an opening on the upper edge of the so-called parietal bone on the skull. The parietal emissary vein, which connects to the superior sagittal sinus, and a secondary branch of the occipital artery pass through it. The presence and size of such foramina differs from person to person. While in some people there is no parietal foramen at all, a congenital foramen parietal permagnum disease leads to an abnormal enlargement of the same. What is Parietal Permagnum Foramen? According to TOPBBACOLLEGES.COM, a parietal permagnum foramen is a rare, congenital cranial bone defect based on a gene mutation. This is usually located on both sides of the parietal bone about one centimeter lateral to the sagittal suture and above the lambdoid suture. The main apparent feature is…

According to SPORTINGOLOGY.COM, Folic acid is absorbed through food and plays a crucial role in many processes in the human body. A deficiency in folic acid has a correspondingly strong impact on our health. However, no one has to suffer from such a shortage in our latitudes - it is enough food with which one the folic acid deficiency effective prevention or fight it and can perform folic acid. What is Folic Acid Deficiency? If you suffer from a folic acid deficiency, your organism has too little of this vital vitamin available to be able to work optimally. The fact that folic acid is particularly known as the "pregnancy vitamin" is due to the fact that folic acid is needed to form DNA. Of course, this is particularly important during…

The focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is characterized by a partially scarring of individual glomeruli. It is a group of different diseases that in the majority of cases can lead to nephrotic syndrome. Treatment depends on the underlying cause. What is focal segmental glomerulosclerosis? According to POLYHOBBIES.COM, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis is a collective term for various different diseases that lead to partial scarring (sclerosis) in kidney tissue. Focal sclerosing glomerulonephritis is also used synonymously. The addition "focal segmental" already indicates that glomerulonephritis does not affect the entire kidney, but only certain kidney corpuscles. Furthermore, not the entire tangle of vessels in the kidney corpuscles is affected. Here, too, individual vascular lobules remain unaffected by the changes. Filtration processes of the primary urine take place in the kidney corpuscles. However, the sclerosis…

The Foix-Chavany-Marie syndrome is a bilateral paralysis of the facial, chewing and swallowing muscles. It is caused by damage to the cerebral cortex and leads to speech and eating disorders. Although therapy can improve the patient's condition, full recovery is not possible. What is Foix-Chavany-Marie Syndrome? According to HOWSMB.COM, Foix-Chavany-Marie syndrome is a rare, neurologically caused syndrome. There is less than one patient with the syndrome for every million patients. So far only about 150 affected patients have been recorded. The disease was named after the discoverers Charles Foix, Jean AE Chavany and Julien Marie. The terms faciopharyngoglossomasticatory diplegia and bilateral anterior operculum syndrome (AOS) are other names for the same disorder. The Foix-Chavany-Marie syndrome is the result of bilateral damage to the cerebral cortex, i.e. the operculum. It results…

A fluid retention but may also be due to a diet with increased sodium values on organic causes, a hormonal changes or hormone disorder. A remedy can be achieved with a change in diet as well as with more exercise and sport. Local topical applications with old home remedies are very helpful. Oral medication is also possible for fluid retention. What is fluid retention? According to HEALTHKNOWING.COM, fluid retention is the accumulation of fluid in the body due to insufficient elimination of water. This creates water retention in the tissue with the formation of effusions and edema. Causes The cause of fluid retention can already be found in the diet. For example, if the food is prepared with a lot of salt or very strongly (spicy) seasoned. If a lot…

Fleas or a flea bite usually occur with very severe itching. Small pustules can be seen on the affected areas, often a large number of them. The bites of these parasites are not dangerous at our level, but extremely unpleasant. You can protect yourself against it by taking appropriate measures. What is a flea bite? According to GRADPHYSICS.COM, flea infestation is usually very easy to recognize: there are many small pustules on the skin, which often cause severe itching. These pustules are light red, slightly raised and about one centimeter in size. The individual reddening of the skin usually occurs in groups or even in a row. To avoid secondary infection, the affected areas of the skin should not be scratched. Otherwise pathogens can penetrate the skin and cause inflammation.…

When Flynn-Aird syndrome is a rare malformation syndrome of the central nervous system, also known as hereditary neuroektodermales syndrome is known. The cause of the symptoms is a genetic disorder during embryonic development. A causal therapy is not yet available. What is Flynn-Aird Syndrome? According to GRADINMATH.COM, Flynn-Aird syndrome is a complex of symptoms from the group of malformation syndromes. The complex is often referred to as a neuroecrodermal syndrome. The neoectoderm is part of the outer cotyledon of the embryo and develops from the neural plate during embryonic development. This process is also known as neurulation and its goal is the formation of the nervous system. In Flynn-Aird syndrome, there is an abnormal development of the nervous system. The result is deafness caused by the central nervous system. In…

The onchocerciasis - or river blindness - is a parasitic disease caused by volvulus worm filaria Onchocerca. River blindness is one of the most common infectious causes of blindness in the world. What is river blindness? According to GRADCHEM.COM, river blindness is a massive health problem in over 99% of all cases in sub-Saharan Africa, but it is also known in Yemen and Latin America. In the past, fear of river blindness caused many people to abandon the fertile river valleys of the African savannah. An estimated 18 million people are infected with river blindness, and around half a million people are blind or visually impaired by the disease. River blindness also triggers skin changes with depigmentation and severe, relentless itching. Untreated infection with river blindness reduces the host's immunity…

The fluorosis is can affect a disease that different areas of the body. To combat fluorosis, excessive fluoride intake must first be stopped. What is fluorosis? In medicine, the term fluorosis is used to summarize diseases that can be traced back to an oversupply of the human organism with fluorine (a mineral that is found in bones and teeth, among other things). According to FOODANDDRINKJOURNAL.COM, the forms of fluorosis include, for example, dental and bone fluorosis (skeletal fluorosis). While dental fluorosis makes up the most common cases of fluorosis, skeletal fluorosis occurs comparatively rarely. If dental fluorosis is present, it can manifest itself, for example, in brownish-yellowish or chalky-white discoloration of the teeth, depending on the severity. The resistance of tooth enamel to tooth decay is reduced in the case…

As fear of flying a phobia is generally against the fly with the aircraft denoted (Aviophobie). However, it can occur as soon as you enter an airport or when you see a plane. Fear of flying is one of the mental illnesses. What is fear of flying? According to ELECTRONICSENCYCLOPEDIA.COM, a fear of flying manifests itself with panic-like symptoms or symptoms typical of the disease when a flight is imminent. Those affected react to this with considerable stress, with loss of control and anxiety attacks or panic attacks. The fear of flying can also be seen in sweaty hands, upset stomach, vomiting or headaches. The racing heart and a much higher pulse are also part of it when those affected realize the supposed dangers of a flight. The fear of…

When Floating-Harbor syndrome is a disorder where the affected patients suffer from birth. Floating Harbor Syndrome occurs with a relatively low average frequency in the population. Short stature with abnormalities on the face are typical of the disease. In addition, the language ability of the person with floating harbor syndrome develops delayed. What is Floating Harbor Syndrome? According to DICTIONARYFORALL.COM, Floating Harbor Syndrome is known by some doctors using the synonymous terms Floating Harbor short stature or Pelletier-Leisti syndrome. The latter name refers to the two doctors who first described the condition. These are two medical professionals from the United States of America. As part of the disease, the affected patients suffer from deformities in the face as well as a characteristic short stature. The age of the bones is…

This article takes a closer look at what is known as honeymoon cystitis, also known as honeymoon cystitis. In particular, the causes, diagnosis and course, types of treatment and prevention options are discussed. What is honeymoon cystitis? According to DEFINITIONEXPLORER.COM, the term honeymoon cystitis is a very euphemistic expression for an inflammation of the bladder. Honeymoon (English for honeymoon) - It is called cystitis because the inflammation often occurs in women in connection with sexual intercourse. Honeymoon cystitis is an unpleasant, but uncomplicated, ascending infection of the urinary tract, in which bacteria have entered the bladder via the urethra and irritate the mucous membrane there. A urinary tract infection is particularly favored by the anatomy of the female body, medical interventions, disturbances in the flow of urine from the urinary…

Like malaria and yellow fever, typhus is a tropical disease. In the past, typhus was also popularly known as typhoid lice or typhoid fever. Typhus is one of the bacterial infections transmitted by lice. If left untreated, typhus can lead to death and should therefore be treated by a doctor as soon as possible. If you travel to endangered countries with typhus, you should get vaccinated if necessary. What is typhus? According to BESTEDUCATIONSCHOOLS.COM, typhus is a reportable disease that is transmitted by vectors such as fleas, mites, lice or ticks. The bite of the carrier animal causes an infection with bacteria of the genus Rickettsia, which initially cause itching and discoloration of the bite site. Then there is the characteristic bloated face with a red color, which gave the…

Under Flammer syndrome, a group of vascular and non-vascular symptoms is summarized. These are caused by the dysregulation of the blood flow and the patient's increased sensitivity to various stimuli. What is Flammer Syndrome? According to AVIATIONOPEDIA.COM,flammer's syndrome describes a variety of symptoms that are mainly caused by primary vascular dysfunction (PVD). The cause of this PVD is an innate increased sensitivity of the blood vessels to external stimuli such as cold or stress. The vascular dysregulation is accompanied by non-vascular symptoms. Perceptions such as smells, pain or vibrations can be intensified by the increased sensitivity. Outwardly, the Flammer syndrome is sometimes understood as the counterpart to the metabolic syndrome. The patients often show a slim, sporty and agile appearance. The causes for the occurrence of the syndrome are not…

A flat back is a deformation of the spine in which it extends in a straight line from the topmost cervical vertebra to the pelvis. Normally the spine is subject to a natural curve with the purpose of cushioning our daily movements. While there is a forward curvature in the cervical vertebra area, a backward curvature can be found in the thoracic vertebra area. In the lumbar region, the spine curves forward again in a healthy person, just like in the cervical region. Because of this lack of an S-curve, the flat back cannot take on the damping function. This leads to pain for those affected. What is a flat back? According to ACRONYMMONSTER.COM, a flat back is usually recognizable by an exceptionally straight posture and a stiffened neck. These…

The Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome, short FHC syndrome occurs predominantly as a complication after an inflammation of the pelvis on. Abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting occur. What is Fitz-Hugh-Curtis Syndrome? According to USVSUKENGLISH.COM, the disease was first noticed by a Uruguayan surgeon in 1920. It was first described by the American gynecologist Arthur Hale Curtis. In 1934 an American internist was able to confirm Curtis' observations. Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome is therefore a complication of a previous inflammation of the pelvis. In most cases this is caused by chlamydia or other bacteria and leads to inflammation in the liver and diaphragm. The Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome is therefore also known as perihepatitis. Causes Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome is a complication of an ascending bacterial infection of the female genital area. The disease is often caused by chlamydia or…

The superior orbital fissure syndrome is characterized by the failure of several cranial nerves, which are responsible for the supply of various eye muscles and the sensitive innervation in the eye area. The clinical picture is very complex and is caused by space-consuming processes. What is Superior Orbital Fissure Syndrome? According to THEINTERNETFAQS.COM, the superior orbital fissure syndrome is a complex clinical picture due to the failure of several cranial nerves in the area of the superior orbital fissure. The superior orbital fissure is a large space between the small and large sphenoid bone (os sphenoidale). The middle cranial fossa (fossa cranii media) is connected to the eye socket (orbit) through this gap. The superior orbital fissure serves as an opening for various structures. These include the oculomotor nerve (III…

There are different types of fish poisoning that can be fatal for those affected. While fish poisoning caused by toxins, for example, can be very dangerous, bacterial fish poisoning is usually more harmless. What is fish poisoning? According to TECHNOLOGY-WIKI.COM, fish poisoning is a classic food poisoning caused by eating overlaid or infected fish. In most cases it is bacterial poisoning from contaminated fish. Various pathogens can be considered in this regard. Viruses and toxins are also among the risk causes. Fish poisoning caused by toxins is fatal in some cases. Often, however, fish poisoning only causes relatively harmless symptoms that resemble those of a normal gastrointestinal flu. Causes The cause of fish poisoning usually lies in improper storage of the fish for too long. This is particularly true of…

If someone has swallowed a fishbone, it is usually not a big problem. In most cases, the bone passes through the esophagus without complications into the stomach and is dissolved there. In very rare cases, however, it can lodge in the esophagus and cause health problems. What does a swallowed fishbone mean? When eating, it sometimes happens that food particles get into the windpipe if the lid of the larynx does not close properly when swallowing. An urge to cough develops, which is supposed to remove the foreign body from the windpipe. A completely different situation arises when someone swallows a fishbone. Fish bones are part of the skeleton of bony fish. According to SCIENCEDICT.COM, they are needle-like connective tissue ossifications that have no connection to the fish's spine. They…

When eating fish, there is sometimes the risk of accidentally swallowing a bone. In some cases the fish bone gets stuck in the throat. What does a fishbone in the throat mean? According to PSYKNOWHOW.COM,bones are bony skeletal parts of bony fish. These include connective tissue ossifications, fin rays or ribs. Before consuming any food fish, it is usually a practice to remove the bones. Nevertheless, it happens now and then that a fishbone is overlooked and swallowed while eating. This can cause the fishbone to get stuck in the throat or esophagus and cause discomfort. Due to its pointed shape, there is also the risk that the bone could get caught in the windpipe and even cause the affected person to suffocate. However, this is extremely rare. Ear, nose…

In our part of the world it is quite possible to get infected with a fish tapeworm. The danger is particularly great with uncooked, raw fish that you have caught yourself. What is fish tapeworm infection? According to PHOTIONARY.COM, the fish tapeworm lives mainly in fresh water. Its intermediate hosts are small freshwater fish and crustaceans that are consumed by the final hosts of the fish tapeworm (larger predatory fish, humans, dogs, cats and other fish-eating mammals). The fish tapeworm Diphyllobotrium latum is mainly found in the inland lakes of the northern hemisphere. Most brackish and freshwater fish such as trout, perch and pike are infected with the fish tapeworm. The parasite nests in the internal organs, especially the liver, but also in the muscles and in the intestinal tract…

The human hand is extremely delicate. A complicated interplay of tendons, muscles and joints ensures their mobility. A finger dislocation, medically: finger dislocation, is painful and leads to undesirable restrictions on movement. What is a finger dislocation? According to PHONEJUST.COM, a finger dislocation or dislocation is an injury to one or more finger joints. This leads to an opposite displacement of the joint surfaces. The unnatural position of the finger joint and finger can also be seen externally. If the joint surfaces have not completely shifted from one another, the dislocation of the fingers is referred to as subluxation or incomplete finger dislocation. While the thumb has only two phalanges, each with a connecting joint, the remaining four fingers have three phalanges each. Between them are the base joint, the…

According to PHONECATIONS.COM, a finger is usually broken as a result of direct forces. With appropriate therapy, a broken finger can usually be healed. What is a broken finger? In medicine from a finger fracture, spoken when a finger bone is broken when an interested party. Many different bones in the human hand can be affected by a broken finger. The so-called long fingers of the human hand each have three bones that can have a broken finger, whereas the thumb only has two bones. Depending on the severity of a broken finger, the break can be accompanied by various symptoms: As a rule, a broken finger is accompanied by severe pain. In addition, an affected finger may have swelling. If the end phalanx of a finger (i.e. the part…

From a finger arthritis or finger joint osteoarthritis women are particularly affected. Various treatments can help relieve symptoms. What is finger osteoarthritis? According to PERCOMPUTER.COM, finger arthrosis is wear and tear on articular cartilage, which is greater than the wear and tear that is typical of age. On average, finger arthrosis affects ten times more women than men; Women mainly get sick during or after the menopause. Arthrosis of the fingers manifests itself, for example, in pain in the finger joints and / or in the formation of nodules that can be felt. Although finger arthrosis can have different degrees of severity, the degree of severity is not always related to the degree of discomfort: While in some people a comparatively low degree of finger osteoarthritis leads to severe symptoms,…

In connection with a high fever, a febrile seizure can occur, especially in young children. A febrile seizure is associated with symptoms similar to an epileptic fit and can lead to unconsciousness in the affected children. In most cases, febrile seizures are harmless. What is a febrile seizure? According to NONPROFITDICTIONARY.COM, a febrile seizure usually occurs in connection with a high fever. Around four percent of young children are affected. Febrile seizures are most common between the ages of five months and five years. The cause of the fever is irrelevant to the occurrence of a spasm and can be quite harmless. The symptoms of a febrile seizure are similar to those of an epileptic seizure. The body stiffens, in addition to the cramping of arms and legs, the eyes…

In the fibular hemimelia is the congenital absence or underdevelopment of the fibula (fibula medical term). The disease is also known as a longitudinal fibular defect. It can occur either in isolation or in combination with malformations of the thigh bone, malformations of the feet or with a shortening of the entire lower leg bone. What is a fibular hemimelia? According to LAWFAQS.NET, fibular hemimelia is a disease that is very rare. It only occurs in three out of 100,000 newborns. Fibular hemimelia affects men twice as often as women. In two thirds of all sick people, only one leg is affected by the malformation. Fibular hemimelia is more common on the right leg than on the left leg. The congenital, complete absence of a shin bone, which is known…